In our previous update, we discussed advances in stem cell research for those already living with an established diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this article, we want to highlight research that is looking to slow, stop, or even reverse beta cell destruction at very early stages of the disease, when symptoms have not yet started.

At these initial stages, the body has developed antibodies against beta cells. However, not many beta cells have been destroyed, so people do not have symptoms and do not require insulin. Without intervention, in nearly everyone who has two or more autoantibodies, beta cells destruction will progress over time to the point that external insulin is needed.

T1D risk screening involves a simple blood test that can detect antibodies, indicating you are in the early stages of T1D, when beta cell destruction is minimal:

• Pathway to Prevention Study: If you have a family member with T1D or if you have tested positive for T1D-related autoantibodies through your doctor or other testing option, you may be eligible for free T1D risk screening through TrialNet’s Pathway to Prevention Study. Click here for the Pathway to Prevention Study for more information about screening and monitoring for early stages of T1D.

Participating in the Pathway to Prevention risk screening study is the first step for participating in TrialNet’s prevention trials. These studies aim to interrupt disease progression in individuals who are in the pre-symptomatic stages of T1D. Luckily for us in the Pacific Northwest, Benaroya Research Institute (BRI) in Seattle is a major site for TrialNet and they are currently recruiting for a prevention trial:

• STOP-T1D: This study is looking at whether two doses of low-dose anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) can delay or prevent T1D in high-risk individuals ages 6-34 years. Find more information on the STOP-T1D Study here.

In addition, BRI is actively recruiting for three additional early intervention trials for those diagnosed with T1D within the last 3 months:

• JAKPOT: This study is looking at two drugs in the JAK inhibitor class to see if they can preserve the body’s own insulin production in people with newly diagnosed T1D ages 12-35 years. Find more information on the JAKPOT Study here.
• RELAY: This study is looking at whether two drugs, rituximab and abatacept, given one after the other, can prolong insulin production in people with newly diagnosed T1D ages 8-45 years. Find more information on the RELAY Study here.
• FABULINUS: This study is looking at the safety and efficacy of different doses of a novel monoclonal antibody, frexalimab, in preserving the body’s own insulin production in people with newly diagnosed T1D ages 18-35 years. Find more information on the FABULINUS Study here.

While cures are not coming tomorrow, they are coming. The more of us who participate in clinical research, the faster the progress!